Collm LF Radar

Collm Geophysical Observatory


Contact Person: Christoph Jacobi (jacobi@rz.uni-leipzig.de)
Web Site: http://www.uni-leipzig.de/%7Ejacobi/collm/index.htm
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS: The Collm LF windprofiler is operated by the University of Leipzig (Institute of Meteorology, Collm Geophysical Observatory).
  1. Data Description
  2. References
  3. Plots

Data Description

The Collm Geophysical Observatory (51.31 N 13.003 E) uses the closely spaced receiver method at 177, 225, and 270 kHz. Two receivers are used to the geographic north and east of the radar so the center of the reflection point triangle is near (52 N, 15 E). The measurements of the nighttime neutral winds and virtual heights are averaged over half-hour intervals from measurements of about 3/minute for winds and about 300/minute for virtual heights.

The virtual height of the half-hour means is converted to true height using an empirical relation with linear height reduction (Kurschner et al, 1987). Then the half-hour means of the zonal and meridional winds are put through a multiple regression analysis to determine the altitude dependance of the prevailing and semi-diurnal tidal winds. To improve the spectral sensitivity, it proved useful to assume a circularly polarized tidal wind, which is acceptable for mid-latitudes. Therefor, the amplitude of the zonal and meridional semi-diurnal tidal wind is equal, and the phase of the meridional wind is 3 hours earlier than that of the zonal wind. Similarly, the amplitude of the zonal and meridional diurnal tidal wind is equal, and the phase of the meridional wind is 6 hours earlier than that of the zonal wind. However, the 24 hour component is normally only computed for the height of 95 km where the signal is a maximum. The result should be treated with some caution considering the fact that the observations are nighttime only.

The phases are in mean local solar time (SLT). There is 1 hour between SLT and UT since the measurements are near 15E. Most of the calculations are for the period of a month. Extra information of interest such as seasonal transitions and the quasi two-day wave are in catalogue records. The data in the CEDAR Data Base are from January 1993 to January 1997, with selected Lower Thermosphere Coupling Study (LTCS) periods earlier.

References for the instrument and data processing procedures:

D. Kurschner, Ein beitrag zur statistischen analyse hochatmospharisher winddaten aus bodengebundenen messungen, Z. Meteorologie, 41, pp 262-266, 1991.
R. Schminder and D. Kurschner, Permanent monitoring of the upper mesosphere and lower thermosphere wind fields (prevailing and semidiurnal tidal components) obtained from LF D1 measurements in 1991 at the Collm Geophysical Observatory, J. Atmos. Terr. Phys., 56, pp 1263-1269, 1994.
R. Schminder and D. Kurschner, Permanent monitoring of the upper atmosphere wind field over Central Europe by LF windprofiler and MF radar measurements at Collm and Juliusruh (Germany), submitted to J. Geophys. Res., 1995.
R. Schminder, W. Singer, D. Kurschner, P. Hoffmann and D. Keuer, Permanent monitoring of the upper atmosphere wind field over Central Europe by a joint analysis of LF windprofiler and MF measurements at Collm and Juliusruh (Germany), Z. Meteorologie, 44, pp 297-300, 1994.
W. Singer, P. Hoffmann, A. Hl Manson, C. E. Meek, R. Schminder, D. Kurschner, G. A. Kokin, A. K. Knyazev, Yu. I. Portnyagin, N. A. Makarov, A. N. Fakhrutdinova, V. V. Sidorov, G. Cevolani, H. G. Muller, E. S. Kazimirovsky, V. A. Gaidukov, R. R. Clark, R. P. Chebotarev, and Y. Karadjaev, The wind regime of the mesosphere and lower thermosphere during the DYANA campaign - I. Prevailing winds, J. Atmos. Terr. Phys., 56, pp 1717-1729, 1994.


Summary Plots for Collm LF Radar Tidal Components

Summary plots of the prevailing, diurnal and semidiurnal amplitudes and phases are shown as a function of height for the horizontal winds.

  • Sep 1,1987-Sep 25,1987, LTCS-1 All data for this period
  • Sep 25,1987-Sep 30,1987, LTCS-1 All data for this period
  • Dec 1,1988-Dec 31,1988, LTCS-2 All data for this period
  • Dec 5,1988-Dec 10,1988, LTCS-2 All data for this period
  • May 30,1989-Jun 4,1989, LTCS-3 All data for this period
  • Feb 12,1990-Feb 17,1990, LTCS-4 All data for this period
  • Jan 1,1993-Feb 1,1993 All data for this period
  • Feb 1,1993-Mar 1,1993 All data for this period
  • Mar 1,1993-Mar 22,1993 All data for this period
  • Mar 22,1993-Apr 1,1993 All data for this period
  • Mar 1,1993-Apr 1,1993 All data for this period
  • Apr 1,1993-May 1,1993 All data for this period
  • May 1,1993-Jun 1,1993 All data for this period
  • Jun 1,1993-Jul 1,1993 All data for this period
  • Jul 1,1993-Aug 1,1993 All data for this period
  • Aug 1,1993-Sep 1,1993 All data for this period
  • Sep 1,1993-Oct 1,1993 All data for this period
  • Oct 1,1993-Oct 19,1993 All data for this period
  • Oct 19,1993-Nov 1,1993 All data for this period
  • Nov 1,1993-Dec 1,1993 All data for this period
  • Dec 1,1993-Jan 1,1994 All data for this period
  • Jan 1,1994-Feb 1,1994 All data for this period
  • Feb 1,1994-Mar 1,1994 All data for this period
  • Mar 1,1994-Apr 1,1994 All data for this period
  • Apr 1,1994-May 1,1994 All data for this period
  • May 1,1994-Jun 1,1994 All data for this period
  • Jun 1,1994-Jul 1,1994 All data for this period
  • Jul 1,1994-Aug 1,1994 All data for this period
  • Aug 1,1994-Sep 1,1994 All data for this period
  • Sep 1,1994-Oct 1,1994 All data for this period
  • Oct 1,1994-Nov 1,1994 All data for this period
  • Oct 1,1994-Oct 19,1994 All data for this period
  • Oct 19,1994-Nov 1,1994 All data for this period
  • Nov 1,1994-Dec 1,1994 All data for this period
  • Nov 2,1994-Nov 15,1994 All data for this period
  • Dec 1,1994-Jan 1,1995 All data for this period
  • Jan 1,1995-Feb 1,1995 All data for this period
  • Feb 1,1995-Mar 1,1995 All data for this period
  • Mar 1,1995-Apr 1,1995 All data for this period
  • Apr 1,1995-May 1,1995 All data for this period
  • May 1,1995-Jun 1,1995 All data for this period
  • Jun 1,1995-Jul 1,1995 All data for this period
  • Jul 1,1995-Aug 1,1995 All data for this period
  • Aug 1,1995-Sep 1,1995 All data for this period
  • Sep 1,1995-Oct 1,1995 All data for this period
  • Oct 1,1995-Nov 1,1995 All data for this period
  • Oct 1,1995-Oct 16,1995 All data for this period
  • Oct 16,1995-Nov 1,1995 All data for this period
  • Nov 1,1995-Dec 1,1995 All data for this period
  • Nov 1,1995-Nov 9,1995 All data for this period
  • Nov 9,1995-Dec 1,1995 All data for this period
  • Dec 1,1995-Jan 1,1996 All data for this period
  • Jan 1,1996-Feb 1,1996 All data for this period
  • Jan 19,1996-Jan 23,1996 All data for this period
  • Jan 1,1996-Feb 1,1996 All data for this period
  • Feb 1,1996-Mar 1,1996 All data for this period
  • Mar 1,1996-Apr 1,1996 All data for this period
  • Apr 1,1996-May 1,1996 All data for this period
  • May 1,1996-Jun 1,1996 All data for this period
  • Jun 1,1996-Jul 1,1996 All data for this period
  • Jul 1,1996-Aug 1,1996 All data for this period
  • Aug 1,1996-Sep 1,1996 All data for this period
  • Sep 1,1996-Oct 1,1996 All data for this period
  • Oct 1,1996-Nov 1,1996 All data for this period
  • Oct 1,1996-Oct 22,1996 All data for this period
  • Oct 22,1996-Nov 1,1996 All data for this period
  • Nov 1,1996-Dec 1,1996 All data for this period
  • Dec 1,1996-Jan 1,1997 All data for this period
  • Jan 1,1997-Feb 1,1997 All data for this period
  • Jan 6,1997-Jan 12,1997 All data for this period
  • Feb 1,1997-Mar 1,1997 All data for this period
  • Feb 10,1997-Feb 19,1997 All data for this period
  • Mar 1,1997-Mar 22,1997 All data for this period
  • Mar 22,1997-Apr 1,1997 All data for this period
  • Mar 1,1997-Apr 1,1997 All data for this period
  • Apr 1,1997-May 1,1997 All data for this period
  • May 1,1997-Jun 1,1997 All data for this period
  • Jun 1,1997-Jul 1,1997 All data for this period
  • Jun 23,1997-Jun 28,1997 All data for this period
  • Jul 1,1997-Aug 1,1997 All data for this period
  • Aug 1,1997-Sep 1,1997 All data for this period
  • Jul 31,1997-Aug 25,1997 All data for this period
  • Sep 1,1997-Oct 1,1997 All data for this period
  • Sep 23,1997-Oct 10,1997 All data for this period
  • Oct 10,1997-Nov 1,1997 All data for this period
  • Oct 1,1997-Nov 1,1997 All data for this period
  • Nov 1,1997-Dec 1,1997 All data for this period
  • Dec 1,1997-Jan 1,1998 All data for this period
  • Jan 1,1998-Feb 1,1998 All data for this period
  • Feb 1,1998-Mar 1,1998 All data for this period
  • Feb 18,1998-Feb 22,1998 All data for this period
  • Mar 1,1998-Mar 16,1998 All data for this period
  • Mar 16,1998-Apr 1,1998 All data for this period
  • Mar 1,1998-Apr 1,1998 All data for this period
  • Apr 1,1998-May 1,1998 All data for this period
  • May 1,1998-Jun 1,1998 All data for this period
  • Jun 1,1998-Jul 1,1998 All data for this period
  • Jul 1,1998-Aug 1,1998 All data for this period
  • Aug 1,1998-Sep 1,1998 All data for this period
  • Sep 1,1998-Oct 1,1998 All data for this period
  • Sep 19,1998-Oct 1,1998 All data for this period
  • Oct 1,1998-Nov 1,1998 All data for this period
  • Oct 18,1998-Nov 1,1998 All data for this period
  • Nov 1,1998-Dec 1,1998 All data for this period
  • Dec 1,1998-Jan 1,1999 All data for this period
  • Dec 12,1998-Jan 1,1999 All data for this period
  • Jan 1,1999-Feb 1,1999 All data for this period
  • Feb 1,1999-Mar 1,1999 All data for this period
  • Mar 1,1999-Apr 1,1999 All data for this period
  • Apr 1,1999-Apr 17,1999 All data for this period
  • Apr 17,1999-May 1,1999 All data for this period
  • May 1,1999-Jun 1,1999 All data for this period
  • Jun 1,1999-Jul 1,1999 All data for this period
  • Jul 1,1999-Aug 1,1999 All data for this period
  • Aug 1,1999-Sep 1,1999 All data for this period
  • Sep 1,1999-Sep 16,1999 All data for this period
  • Sep 16,1999-Oct 1,1999 All data for this period
  • Oct 1,1999-Oct 16,1999 All data for this period
  • Oct 16,1999-Nov 1,1999 All data for this period
  • Nov 1,1999-Dec 1,1999 All data for this period
  • Dec 1,1999-Jan 1,2000 All data for this period
  • Jan 1,2000-Feb 1,2000 All data for this period
  • Feb 1,2000-Mar 1,2000 All data for this period
  • Mar 1,2000-Mar 16,2000 All data for this period
  • Mar 16,2000-Apr 1,2000 All data for this period
  • Apr 1,2000-May 1,2000 All data for this period
  • May 1,2000-Jun 1,2000 All data for this period
  • Jun 1,2000-Jul 1,2000 All data for this period
  • Jul 1,2000-Aug 1,2000 All data for this period
  • Aug 1,2000-Sep 1,2000 All data for this period
  • Sep 1,2000-Sep 16,2000 All data for this period
  • Sep 16,2000-Oct 1,2000 All data for this period
  • Oct 1,2000-Oct 16,2000 All data for this period
  • Oct 16,2000-Nov 1,2000 All data for this period
  • Nov 1,2000-Dec 1,2000 All data for this period
  • Dec 1,2000-Jan 1,2001 All data for this period
  • Jan 1,2001-Jan 22,2001 All data for this period
  • Jan 22,2001-Feb 1,2001 All data for this period
  • Feb 1,2001-Mar 1,2001 All data for this period
  • Feb 8,2001-Feb 21,2001 All data for this period
  • Mar 1,2001-Apr 1,2001 All data for this period
  • Apr 1,2001-May 1,2001 All data for this period
  • May 1,2001-Jun 1,2001 All data for this period
  • Jun 1,2001-Jul 1,2001 All data for this period
  • Jul 1,2001-Aug 1,2001 All data for this period
  • Aug 1,2001-Sep 1,2001 All data for this period
  • Sep 1,2001-Oct 1,2001 All data for this period
  • Oct 1,2001-Oct 17,2001 All data for this period
  • Oct 17,2001-Nov 1,2001 All data for this period
  • Oct 19,2001-Nov 1,2001 All data for this period
  • Nov 1,2001-Dec 1,2001 All data for this period
  • Dec 1,2001-Dec 16,2001 All data for this period
  • Dec 16,2001-Jan 1,2002 All data for this period
  • Jan 1,2002-Feb 1,2002 All data for this period
  • Feb 1,2002-Mar 1,2002 All data for this period
  • Feb 13,2002-Feb 25,2002 All data for this period
  • Mar 1,2002-Mar 16,2002 All data for this period
  • Mar 16,2002-Apr 1,2002 All data for this period
  • Apr 1,2002-May 1,2002 All data for this period
  • May 1,2002-Jun 1,2002 All data for this period
  • Jun 1,2002-Jul 1,2002 All data for this period
  • Jul 1,2002-Aug 1,2002 All data for this period
  • Aug 1,2002-Sep 1,2002 All data for this period
  • Sep 1,2002-Oct 1,2002 All data for this period
  • Oct 1,2002-Nov 1,2002 All data for this period
  • Nov 1,2002-Dec 1,2002 All data for this period
  • Dec 1,2002-Dec 20,2002 All data for this period
  • Dec 20,2002-Jan 1,2003 All data for this period
  • Jan 1,2003-Feb 1,2003 All data for this period
  • Feb 1,2003-Mar 1,2003 All data for this period
  • Mar 1,2003-Apr 1,2003 All data for this period
  • Apr 1,2003-May 1,2003 All data for this period
  • May 1,2003-Jun 1,2003 All data for this period
  • Jun 1,2003-Jul 1,2003 All data for this period
  • Jul 1,2003-Aug 1,2003 All data for this period
  • Aug 1,2003-Sep 1,2003 All data for this period
  • Sep 1,2003-Oct 1,2003 All data for this period
  • Oct 1,2003-Nov 1,2003 All data for this period
  • Nov 1,2003-Dec 1,2003 All data for this period
  • Dec 1,2003-Jan 1,2004 All data for this period
  • Jan 1,2004-Feb 1,2004 All data for this period
  • Feb 1,2004-Mar 1,2004 All data for this period
  • Mar 1,2004-Apr 1,2004 All data for this period
  • Apr 1,2004-May 1,2004 All data for this period
  • May 1,2004-Jun 1,2004 All data for this period
  • Jun 1,2004-Jul 1,2004 All data for this period
  • Jul 1,2004-Aug 1,2004 All data for this period
  • Aug 1,2004-Sep 1,2004 All data for this period
  • Sep 1,2004-Oct 1,2004 All data for this period
  • Oct 1,2004-Nov 1,2004 All data for this period
  • Nov 1,2004-Dec 1,2004 All data for this period
  • Dec 1,2004-Jan 1,2005 All data for this period
  • Jan 1,2005-Feb 1,2005 All data for this period
  • Feb 1,2005-Feb 28,2005 All data for this period
  • Feb 7,2005-Feb 23,2005 All data for this period
  • Mar 1,2005-Apr 1,2005 All data for this period
  • Apr 1,2005-May 1,2005 All data for this period
  • May 1,2005-Jun 1,2005 All data for this period
  • Jun 1,2005-Jul 1,2005 All data for this period
  • Jul 1,2005-Aug 1,2005 All data for this period
  • Aug 1,2005-Sep 1,2005 All data for this period
  • Sep 1,2005-Oct 1,2005 All data for this period
  • Oct 1,2005-Nov 1,2005 All data for this period
  • Nov 1,2005-Dec 1,2005 All data for this period
  • Dec 1,2005-Jan 1,2006 All data for this period
  • Jan 1,2006-Feb 1,2006 All data for this period
  • Feb 1,2006-Mar 1,2006 All data for this period
  • Mar 1,2006-Apr 1,2006 All data for this period
  • Apr 1,2006-May 1,2006 All data for this period
  • Jan 1,2006-Feb 1,2006 All data for this period
  • Feb 1,2006-Mar 1,2006 All data for this period
  • Mar 1,2006-Apr 1,2006 All data for this period
  • Apr 1,2006-May 1,2006 All data for this period
  • May 1,2006-Jun 1,2006 All data for this period
  • Jun 1,2006-Jul 1,2006 All data for this period
  • Jul 1,2006-Aug 1,2006 All data for this period
  • Aug 1,2006-Sep 1,2006 All data for this period
  • Sep 1,2006-Oct 1,2006 All data for this period
  • Oct 1,2006-Nov 1,2006 All data for this period
  • Nov 1,2006-Dec 1,2006 All data for this period
  • Dec 1,2006-Jan 1,2007 All data for this period
  • Jan 1,2007-Feb 1,2007 All data for this period
  • Feb 1,2007-Mar 1,2007 All data for this period
  • Mar 1,2007-Apr 1,2007 All data for this period
  • Apr 1,2007-May 1,2007 All data for this period
  • May 1,2007-Jun 1,2007 All data for this period



    • LTCS Campaigns

    Monthly Listing for MLT Radars

    Other MLT Radars

    -Revised 11 Jun 2007 by emery@ucar.edu